Music of Early Black Virginians

About

The Music of Early Black Virginians is a multi-year, multi-phase project. Our goals are to document, study, and engage musically with the performance practices of enslaved and free African Americans in the mid-Atlantic region, pre-Civil War.

Documentation: A team of undergraduate and graduate researchers is collecting descriptions of and references to all kinds of music making; those findings will be published in a searchable database.

Study: We are hosting a symposium in June, 2022, at George Mason University, where we will bring together experts and curious scholars and performers to both study and experiment with the practices outlined in historical documents. You can learn more about the symposium here! We are also developing a related syllabus, to be shared publicly, that engages students in similar study and experimentation.

Engagement: We will facilitate performances at historically appropriate places around Virginia, featuring techniques, repertoire, and general approaches learned from our process. We aim to engage students and community members with as much depth as COVID- and post-COVID life allows.

Meet the Team

  • Emily H. Green

    PROJECT LEAD

    Emily H. Green is Associate Professor of Music at George Mason University. Partly because she is raising her family in Northern Virginia, her scholarly thinking since 2019 has turned towards the written and silent histories of Black musicians—and the role that music performance has played inside and outside Virginia’s participation in the slavery economy. Recently, she has been named a Fenwick Fellow at George Mason University, and her work with Bonnie Gordon, Michael Nickens, and Mary Caton Lingold on The Music of Early Black Virginians has won a 4-VA grant. Before 2019, her scholarly work focused on the practical history of music-making: how composers and publishers used printed music to communicate to their publics in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. On that subject, she has written Dedicating Music, 1785–1850, has co-edited with Catherine Mayes Consuming Music: Individuals, Institutions, Communities, 1730–1830, and has published articles in the Journal of American Musicological Society, Eighteenth-Century Music, the New York Times, NewMusicBox, and other outlets. She also plays keyboard instruments.

  • Mary Caton Lingold

    PROJECT LEAD

    Dr. Mary Caton Lingold is Assistant Professor of English at Virginia Commonwealth University. She is an interdisciplinary scholar specializing in the literature, culture, and music of the early modern African Atlantic world, sound studies, and digital humanities. Her current book project, “Sound Legacy: Music and Slavery in an African Atlantic World,” is under contract with UVA Press. Previous publications include Digital Sound Studies (Duke 2018), as well as articles in Early Music, Studies in Eighteenth-Century Culture, and Early American Literature. In 2021, she guest-edited a special issue of Reviews in DH on the subject of sound.

    Mary Caton received a PhD in English and a graduate certificate in African & African American Studies from Duke University in 2017. Prior to that, she earned an MA from the University of Colorado at Boulder and a BA from Trinity University in Texas. Growing up in the rural U.S. South shapes her interest in Atlantic slavery, white racism, and Black history and culture. Much of her research focuses on on the Caribbean, a region key to the development of traditions and ideas that spread across the Atlantic world in the early eras of slavery. Mary Caton is a lifelong musician, and she enjoys singing and playing multiple instruments, especially bluegrass fiddle.

    Photo by Eduardo Montes-Bradley.

  • Jaelin N. Mitchell

    Jaelin N. Mitchell

    STUDENT WORKER

    Jaelin N. Mitchell, a Norfolk, VA, native, is the proud son of Nykole Mitchell-Franklin and the late Pastor Johnathan S. Franklin. He majors in Choral Music Education at George Mason University. He believes that the nurturing and development of children is essential to the community’s future. Jaelin earned the title of salutatorian for Booker T. Washington High School’s and The Governor’s School for the Arts Class of 2019. He has received awards for his artistry and leadership from the Optimist Club of America, Omega Psi Phi Fraternity Inc., Walt Disney Inc., Urban League of Hampton Roads, NAACP, and the cities of Norfolk, Portsmouth, Chesapeake, Virginia Beach, Hampton, Newport News, Williamsburg, and James City County.

  • Bonnie Gordon

    PROJECT LEAD

    A music historian who works across disciplines and creative practices Bonnie Gordon is fascinated by the idea of sound as fundamental to the ways we move through the world and deeply committed to the idea that learning about sound is not for musicians only. She is a founding faculty member of the Equity Center and founded the Arts Mentors a program designed to increase access to the arts in Charlottesville. Her research centers on sound and gender in the early Modern world. In addition to her scholarly work, she has published in the New York Times, Washington Post, Slate and the Cville weekly. She plays jazz, rock, and classical viola.

  • Case Hope

    STUDENT WORKER

    Case is a senior studying voice under Professor Patricia Miller. He majors in choral music education and vocal performance. He is a member of the American Choral Directors Association and the Black and Indigenous People of Color Musicians organization. Case is also a member of the Fairfax United Methodist Choir and the Mt. Zion United Methodist Church Youth and Men’s Choirs.

  • Michael Nickens

    Project Lead

    Dr. Michael W. Nickens (a.k.a. Doc Nix) is Director of Campus Life Ensembles and Collaborative Arts, and an Associate Professor of Music. He is most recognized as the leader of the “Green Machine”, which in 2015 was named the #1 pep band in college basketball by the NCAA and commended by the Senate and House of Delegates of the Commonwealth of Virginia. In addition, Dr. Nickens launched Mason’s fife and drum corps and WGI world-champion drumline, and oversees Mason’s winterguard. This collection of performing units, known as the “Green Machine Ensembles”, are internationally known for their thrilling, high-energy performances at Mason ceremonies and basketball games, professional sports games and events (Capitals, Nationals, Wizards, and Redskins), community events (Celebrate Fairfax, and the Nike Womens’ Half Marathon), and marching competitions, as well as their popular internet videos that have over 100 million views collectively.

A Deep Exploration Into Historically-Informed Performance